Search¶
- List all installed packages:
$ dpkg -l
- List all recently installed packages:
$ zcat -f /var/log/dpkg.log* | grep "\ install\ " | sort
- Show the changelog of a package (here, the linux kernel of Ubuntu):
$ aptitude changelog linux-generic
- Which package contain a given file:
$ apt-file search file_to_search
- Get the list of files of a package:
$ apt-file list package_name
- Extract content of a package:
$ ar vx mypackage.deb
Install¶
- Install a package from a lower-priority repository, like the backport repository:
$ apt-get -t squeeze-backports install my-package
- Force reinstallation of a package:
$ apt-get -d --reinstall install my-package
$ dpkg --install --force-confmiss /var/cache/apt/archives/my-package.deb
Upgrade¶
- Upgrade package listing and metadata:
$ sudo apt update
- Force
yes
so that package maintainer’s version of config files always prevails:
$ sudo apt upgrade -y --force-yes
Holding¶
- Hold a package with either
dpkg
oraptitude
:
$ echo "kdenlive hold" | dpkg --set-selections
or:
$ aptitude hold kdenlive
- Unhold a package:
$ echo "kdenlive install" | dpkg --set-selections
or:
$ aptitude unhold kdenlive
- List holded packages:
$ dpkg --get-selections | grep hold
Uninstall¶
- Uninstall a package throughly (both program files and configuration):
$ apt-get remove --purge my_package
- Force removal of a package while ignoring all dependencies:
$ dpkg --remove --force-depends libsomething
- Remove orphaned pakages:
$ deborphan | xargs apt-get -y remove --purge
Clean-up¶
- Clean aptitude local cache:
$ apt-get clean
- Remove
dpkg
lock file:
$ rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock